Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) in Haiti from 1994 to 2016: Trends and factors of variation

Since 2000, countries have made substantial progress in reducing under-five mortality, but Haiti, an impoverished country the Latin America and Caribbean region, faces major health challenges, including a high level of child mortality. However, few studies focused on analysing trends mortality rate (U5MR), determinants geographical disparities within country. This study analyses trend U5MR Haiti between 1994 2016, at national departmental levels, also examines differentials according to medical, demographic, socio-economic characteristics population, their evolution over time. The used data from Haiti's Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) conducted 2016. for was estimated based DHS Measure method, Cox proportional hazard model determine factors contributing decreased 131‰ (95% CI 120–142) 81‰ 73–89) decline very sharp 2005, during 2005–2016 period, remained unchanged. At level, declined most nine departments, clear upward observed “Ouest” department. Multivariate analysis revealed that insufficient antenatal care, lack breastfeeding, twin births, children young mothers, birth order, poor households were significantly associated with higher risks Haiti. Achieving survival will require resources policy accelerate current rates departments prevent significant rise